The first-ever Test match between Australia and England marks a major milestone in cricket history, now recognized as the birth of Test cricket.
By the mid-19th century, cricket had gained popularity in England, with a well-structured domestic system. The game had also spread across the British Empire, particularly to Australia, where it was increasingly embraced.
Prior to the first Test match, several English teams had toured Australia to play against local sides. However, these were not officially recognized as international matches between the two nations.
The First Test Match:
The first official Test match was played from March 15 to March 19, 1877, at the Melbourne Cricket Ground (MCG) in Melbourne, Australia.
The match was part of a tour organized by James Lillywhite, a former English cricketer, who led the English team to Australia. The tour included several matches, but this particular game was recognized as the first Test match.
The English team was captained by James Lillywhite himself. The team consisted of experienced players who had been part of previous tours and domestic competitions.
Australia: The Australian team was captained by Dave Gregory. The side included players from different colonies within Australia, making it a representative national team.
Australia won the toss and decided to bat first. Australian opener Charles Bannerman created history by scoring the first-ever century in Test cricket. He made 165 runs before retiring hurt after a ball from George Ulyett struck his hand. Australia ended their first innings at 245 runs.
England’s Response: England struggled in their first innings, managing only 196 runs. Harry Jupp top-scored for England with 63 runs. Australia’s bowlers, particularly Tom Kendall, were effective in restricting England’s total, giving Australia a first-innings lead of 49 runs.
Australia batted again and scored 104 runs, setting a target of 154 for England. Despite strong performances from bowlers Alfred Shaw and George Ulyett, Australia extended their lead.
England struggled while chasing 154 runs, with Tom Kendall shining for Australia by taking 7 wickets for 55 runs. England was bowled out for 108, giving Australia a 45-run victory.
The victory was celebrated across Australia, and the match established cricket as a major sport in the country.
